German 
In heart failure, the heart is unable to pump enough blood around the body to provide an adequate supply of oxygen. Around 300 women and around 380 men out of every 100,000 people in Germany fall ill every year, on average between the ages of 70 and 80.
Depending on the half of the heart, a distinction is made between right and left heart failure, each with typical symptoms, or global failure, with two heart valves affected. A distinction is also made between acute and chronic heart failure, which occurs either spontaneously or over several months and years.
Causes
If the heart is no longer able to pump enough blood through the body to provide adequate oxygen supply, this is usually due to the following causes, which occur more frequently in older people or those who are already under stress:
- high blood pressure
- Arteriosclerosis of the coronary arteries
- kidney problems
- Disease or inflammation of the heart muscle
- cardiac arrhythmia
- kidney problems
- metabolic diseases
- leaking heart valves
- anemia
Symptoms
It is characterized by the associated fatigue and additional stress when performing everyday tasks. Specific symptoms often depend on whether the insufficiency is acute or chronic and include the following symptoms:
- Cough
- shortness of breath
- fatigue
- fast heartbeat
- blue lips and/or fingers
- sweats
- pale skin
- fluid retention
- urge to urinate
- weight gain
Diagnosis
Diagnosis based on medical history and physical examination are the best tools for diagnosing heart failure, particularly in conjunction with an ultrasound of the heart (echocardiography).
In addition, X‑rays of the chest can provide information about the accumulation of fluid in the lungs and the size of the heart. An electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood tests are other diagnostic tools.
Treatment
Drugs are used to regulate blood pressure, heart rate and the amount of fluid in the body. If necessary, sick people are advised to drink less.
A pacemaker can be surgically implanted.
Sport is another means, depending on the diagnosis, to strengthen the heart.
Physical training exercises may be recommended to keep the heart functioning properly. If the heart develops an irregular rhythm, a pacemaker can help normalize the heartbeat and improve blood circulation.
It is not yet possible to cure chronic heart failure.
Prognosis
Although there is no cure for chronic heart failure, the symptoms are manageable.
Prevention
Avoiding pre-existing conditions and leading a healthy, balanced lifestyle are the best ways to prevent heart failure. Regular physical activity, avoidance of obesity and abstinence from tobacco use are central components of adequate preventive care.
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